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Quit
India
Movement
·
On August 8, 1942 the Quit India
resolution was passed at
the
Bombay
session of the All India
Congress Committee
·
On August 9, 1942 Mahatma Gandhi was arrested
in
Bombay
with the launch of Quit India Movement.
o
Gandhiji urged Indians to
follow a non-violent
civil disobedience.
Gandhiji aksed masses to
act as if they were an
independent nation and
not to follow the orders
of the British.
·
Large scale protests and demonstrations were held all over the country.
Workers remained absent en
masse and strikes
were called. It
was a battle that took
many forms, ranging from
non-violent mass satyagrahas,
mammoth public meetings,
huge protest rallies in
cities and towns to
underground organisation
of sabotage of
communication and
transport networks, an
underground radio,
illegal patrikas
(newsletters) and the
formation of parallel
governments in Ballia,
Midnapore and Satara.
·
Many national leaders went
underground and
continued their
struggle.
·
An all-India underground leadership emerged with Achyut Patwardhan,
Aruna Asaf Ali, Ram
Manohar Lohia, Sucheta
Kripalani, Chhotubhai
Puranik, Biju Patnaik
and Jayaprakash Narayan
as its members.
o
They continued their
struggle by broadcasting
messages over
clandestineradio
stations, distributing
pamphlets and
establishing parallel
governments.
·
The British swiftly
responded by mass
detentions.
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·
A total of 90,000 arrests
were made nationwide,
mass fines were levied,
bombs were air-dropped
and demonstrators were
subjected to public
flogging.
·
The police
and the military fired
on 538 occasions,
and villages were
machine-gunned by
low-flying aircraft.
o
Villagers
were whipped, made to
pay collective fines
running to Rs 90 lakhs (Rs
9 million) and taken as
hostages.
·
Entire villages were burnt if the
inhabitants ran away to
evade arrest. In the
name of the war, the
British had armed
themselves with
draconian powers and
completely suspended
civil liberties.
Newspapers were gagged
and many suspended
publication.
Ballia,
Midnapore and Satara
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